The nanoscale cerium (IV) oxide with oxygen-storage capacity was prepared by chemical precipitation. The influence of calcination temperature on phase structure was evaluated by X-ray diffraction. The mass change accompanied with the process of the precipitate converted to the oxide was analyzed by TG. In addition, the synthesized cerium (IV) oxide as oxygen-storage material was further characterized by OSC, H2-TPR and BET. The results suggest that the prepared cerium oxide is nano-scale mesoporous material with good tolerance of high temperature aging and good redox potential. Besides, oxygen storage and release capability loss is attributed to high calcination temperature. The synthesized material has large specific surface area and appropriate average pore size. The cubic fluorite structure and porous structure are kept perfectly even after calcination at 1000 oC.