Based on fusion bonding and atomic interdiffusion between the ceramic and stainless steel, the TiB2-based ceramic/1Cr18Ni9Ti stainless steel composite with chemical composition gradient was produced by combustion system in ultra-high gravity field (CSUGF). The presence of chemical reaction in explosive combustion and the subsequent thermal-vacuum circumstance induced by liquid products in ultra-high gravity make stainless steel partially fused, resulting in the achievement of fusion bonding. XRD, FESEM and EDS results show that the interface has a good bonding, and the intermediate exhibits three dimensional network ceramic-metal graded microstructure considered as a result of intensive interdiffusion of atomics. Vickers hardness profile reveals the quasi-parabola relationship of the hardness to the testing distance from the ceramic matrix to the steel substrate. Meanwhile, interfacial shear fracture of the composite presents the mixed mode consisting of intercrystalline fracture along TiB2 platelets and ductile fracture in Fe-Ni-Cr alloy, presenting interfacial shear strength 325±25 MPa.