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2060铝锂合金填充ER4047焊丝激光焊接接头组织性能研究
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南昌航空大学轻合金加工科学与技术国防重点学科实验室,南昌航空大学轻合金加工科学与技术国防重点学科实验室,南昌航空大学轻合金加工科学与技术国防重点学科实验室,三江航天红阳机电有限公司,西北工业大学凝固技术国家重点实验室,南昌航空大学轻合金加工科学与技术国防重点学科实验室

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TG331

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国家自然科学基金资助(项目号51565041, 51565040), 江西省教育厅科研项目(GJJ150710)


Study on Microstructure and Properties of Laser Beam Welded 2060 Al-Li Alloys Filled with ER4047 Wire
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National Defence Key Discipline Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology,Nanchang Hangkong University,National Defence Key Discipline Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology,Nanchang Hangkong University,National Defence Key Discipline Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology,Nanchang Hangkong University,Hubei Sanjiang Aerospace Hongyang Electromechanical Co,Ltd,,National Defence Key Discipline Laboratory of Light Alloy Processing Science and Technology,Nanchang Hangkong University

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    摘要:

    2060铝锂合金以其轻质高强等特性在航空、航天领域有着广阔的应用前景。本文利用光纤激光填充ER4047焊丝对2060铝锂合金进行了对接试验,研究了焊缝形貌和组织特征、合金元素微观偏析、二次相析出、焊缝的力学性能等,分析了其相互关系。研究结果表明,合理的焊接工艺下焊缝成形良好,沿熔合线分布着非常细小的等轴晶,焊缝中心为大量的等轴树枝晶,柱状晶区域比较窄;焊缝存在较为严重的微观偏析,主要的合金元素Cu、Mg、Si等集中分布在晶界处,Al元素在晶间含量较少;主要强化相T1(Al2CuLi)在焊缝中几乎全部消失,并有一定数量的TB(Al7Cu4Li)相析出;填充ER4047焊丝的焊缝晶间存在大量的共晶体,较多的Mg2Si及AlxCuxMnx二次相等;热影响区(HAZ)中晶粒和二次相尺寸变大,并有θ′(Al2Cu)、TB及未溶解的T1(Al2CuLi)等相共存。最佳工艺下接头的性能测试发现,焊缝区的硬度最小,平均为98.6HV,约为母材硬度的65%;接头抗拉强度达到了354MPa,伸长率为4.9%,分别为母材2060合金的67%和40.8%。焊缝区是接头的最薄弱环节,拉伸断裂优先发生于焊缝下部的粗大的等轴晶区,沿晶界逐渐向上扩展,最终沿柱状晶区断裂,断口表现为韧窝聚集型沿晶断裂。

    Abstract:

    The newly developed Al-Li alloy 2060 has broad application prospects in the field of aeronautics and astronautics with the characteristics of light weight and high strength. In this paper, 2060 Al-Li alloy was tested by means of laser beam welding filled with ER4047 welding wire. The morphology and microstructure of the weld, the micro segregation of the alloy elements, the precipitation of the second phases and the mechanical properties of the weld were studied by means of optical microscope, scanning electron microscope, electron probe micro analyzer(EPMA) and transmission electron microscopy(TEM), X-ray diffractometer (XRD), micro hardness test, tensile test. The results show that the formation of the weld is good in a reasonable welding process. Along the fusion line, there are so fine equiaxed grains, and there exist a large number of equiaxed dendritic crystals and columnar grains in the center of the weld. The micro segregation of the weld is more serious at the grain boundaries, such as Cu, Mg and Si, but the Al elements are less. The main reinforcement phase T1 (Al2CuLi) in the weld are almost all disappeared, and there is a certain amount of TB (Al7Cu4Li) phase precipitation. There are a large number of binary eutectics and ternary eutectics in the grain boundary, more Cu5Si and AlCuxMnx brittle compounds. In the heat affected zone (HAZ), the grain size and the size of the second phase become larger. T1 (Al2CuLi), θ" (Al2Cu) and TB phases are undissolved. Under the optimum process, the hardness of the weld zone is the smallest, with an average of 98.6HV, about 65% of the base metal. The tensile strength of the joint is 354MPa, and the elongation is 4.9%, about 67% and 40.8% of the base metal respectively. The tensile fracture occurs preferentially in the coarse equiaxed grain zone at the upper part of the weld, and gradually extends along the grain boundaries, finally fractured in the columnar grain zone. The fracture morphology belongs to the mixed fracture of toughness and brittleness with a large number of dimples.

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周宝升,刘奋成,黄春平,王维新,李秋歌,陈玉华.2060铝锂合金填充ER4047焊丝激光焊接接头组织性能研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2018,47(7):2216~2224.[Baosheng Zhou, Fencheng Liu, Chunping Huang, Weixin Wang, Qiuge Li, Yuhua Chen. Study on Microstructure and Properties of Laser Beam Welded 2060 Al-Li Alloys Filled with ER4047 Wire[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2018,47(7):2216~2224.]
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  • 收稿日期:2016-07-14
  • 最后修改日期:2016-11-02
  • 录用日期:2016-11-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2018-10-10
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