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电极感应熔炼气雾化制备Ti-6Al-4V合金粉末的性能及其表征
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作者单位:

1.国家金属材料近净成形工程技术研究中心;2.佛山市岁之博新材料科技有限公司

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TG144

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金重大仪器专项(516227805),广东省自然科学基金团队项目(2015A030312003),广东省科技攻关项目(2014B010129003、2016B090931006、2017B090901025),广州市科技攻关项目(201604016049)


Properties and Characterization of Fine Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Powders Prepared by Electrode Induction melting Gas Atomization (EIGA) Technique
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National Engineering Research Center of Near-Net-Shape Forming for Metallic Material

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    摘要:

    采用国产自行研制的无坩埚电极感应熔炼气体雾化(EIGA)设备制备Ti-6Al-4V合金粉末,实验使用环孔型和环缝型两种气雾化喷嘴,改变雾化压力和熔炼功率,设计四组工艺参数,研究雾化工艺对粉末性能的影响规律。根据激光选区熔化(SLM)对粉末的要求,将筛分得到的粒径小于53 μm的粉末进行表征,采用MASTERSIZE 2000激光粒度分析仪分析不同雾化工艺制备粉末的粒度分布,采用欧奇奥500NanoXY+HR型粒度粒形分析仪对粉末的粒形进行量化表征分析。结果表明,采用环缝型喷嘴、5 MPa的雾化压力和25 kW的熔炼功率的工艺参数组合制备的粉末效果最佳,得到的粉末粒径较小且分布集中,粉末粒度呈近似正态分布,D10、D50和D90分别为19.4 μm、31.9 μm和51.5 μm;粉末的球形度较高,粉末圆度的平均值为90.6%,欧奇奥钝度的平均值为92.7%,超过80%的粉末赘生物指数为0,卫星粉较少。通过XRD、SEM、EDS能谱和氧氮仪等手段对粉末进一步分析,发现粉末内部组织为不同取向的针状α′马氏体,空心粉含量较少,粉末成分无损耗且氧含量较低。对该粉末进行SLM成形,成形件致密度达到99.02%,表面粗糙度为4.98 μm,显微硬度为352.5 HV0.5。

    Abstract:

    Ti-6Al-4V alloy powders were prepared by a self-developed electrode induction melting gas atomization (EIGA) equipment. Two kinds of gas atomizing nozzles, ring-hole type and ring-slit type, were used in the experiment. Different atomization pressure and power input were used. Four sets of processing parameters were designed and their effect on the powder properties was studied. The powder were sieved by 270 standard mesh (powder particle size ≤53μm) and analyst the size distribution by using MASTERSIZE 2000 Laser Particle Size Analyzer. The powder particle shape was quantified with Occhio 500NanoXY+HR Particle Size and Shape Analyzer. Results showed that optimal results were achieved with good sphericity by the combination of ring-slit nozzle with atomization pressure of 5 MPa and smelting power of 25 kW. A normal distribution of powder size was attained and the D10, D50 and D90 were 19.4μm, 31.9μm and 51.5μm, respectively. The mean Circularity and Occhio bluntness were 90.6% and 92.7%, respectively. It was found that more than 80% of powders have Occhio outgrow of 0. Further analysis of the powder by XRD, SEM, EDS and oxygen and nitrogen analyzer were carried out. The microstructure of the powder was acicular α′ martensite with random orientations. The amount of hollow powder is extremely small. The powder composition is practically same as the ingot with a low oxygen content, which satisfies the requirements of the SLM process. The Ti-6Al-4V powder achieved by optimal process was used for Selective Laser Melting and the relative density, surface roughness and microhardness are 99.02% and 4.89 μm, and 352.5 HV0.5 respectively.

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黄传收,柳中强,吴苑标,温利平,陈进,肖志瑜.电极感应熔炼气雾化制备Ti-6Al-4V合金粉末的性能及其表征[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2019,48(10):3302~3308.[Huang Chuan-shou, Liu Zhong-qiang, Wu Yuan-biao, Wen Li-ping, Chen Jin, Xiao Zhi-yu. Properties and Characterization of Fine Ti-6Al-4V Alloy Powders Prepared by Electrode Induction melting Gas Atomization (EIGA) Technique[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2019,48(10):3302~3308.]
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  • 收稿日期:2018-06-05
  • 最后修改日期:2018-07-17
  • 录用日期:2018-07-27
  • 在线发布日期: 2019-11-01
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