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复合细化变质多元铝硅合金强化机制的研究
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淮阴工学院 机械与材料工程学院

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国家自然科学基金项目( (No.51701079);淮阴工学院博士科研启动费基金(Z301B18558);江苏省产学研合作项目(FZ20190349)


Study on Strengthening Mechanism of Composite Refined and Modified Multi-component Aluminum-silicon Alloy
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1.Faculty of Mechanical and Material Engineering,Huaiyin Institute of Technology,Huai’an 223003;2.China

Fund Project:

The National Natural Science Foundation of China (No.51701079); Doctoral Scientific Research Start-up Foundation from Huaiyin Institute of Technology, Jiangsu, China (Z301B18558);Enterprise-University-Research Institute Collaboration Project of Jiangsu Province (FZ20190349)

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    摘要:

    为改善力学性能,采用新型Al-5Ti-1B-1RE中间合金细化剂和Al-10Sr中间合金变质剂对铸态多元铝硅A356铝合金及在铸态A356铝合金中按一定比例添加Cu、Mn、Ti等元素组成的新型铝合金进行复合细化变质处理。采用光学显微镜(OM)、扫描电镜(SEM)及能谱、透射电镜(TEM)和电子式万能试验机(CSS-44100)等技术对多元铝硅合金中的第二相粒子的形态分布特征及强化机制进行分析。结果表明:经复合细化变质处理的A356铝合金中的第二相粒子共晶硅相由粗大的片层状转变为典型的纤维状,在软韧相α-Al基体晶界处较均匀的析出,α-Al相晶粒尺寸显著变小,其强化机制主要是第二相粒子共晶硅Hall-Petch晶界细晶强化;在新型铝合金中除第二相粒子共晶硅外,还存在其它较弥散分布在晶界或晶内的第二相强化粒子,多种强化机制共同起作用,当分布在晶界上时,主要是Hall-Petch强化机制;当分布在晶内时,主要是Orowan强化机制,成为阻碍位错运动的有效障碍,起到强化作用。

    Abstract:

    In order to improve the mechanical properties, a new Al-5Ti-1B-1RE master alloy refiner and Al-10Sr master alloy modifier were used to composite refine and modify the as-cast A356 aluminum alloy and a novel aluminum alloy composed of as-cast A356 aluminum alloy by adding Cu, Mn, Ti and other elements in a certain proportion. The morphology distribution of the second-phase particles and strengthening mechanism of the multi-component aluminum-silicon alloy were analyzed by means of OM, SEM, TEM and the electronic universal testing machine (CSS-44100).The results showed that the second-phase eutectic silicon phase in the A356 aluminum alloy transformed from coarse lamellar to typical fibrous phase after the composite refinement and modification, and precipitated uniformly at the grain boundary of the soft-tough phase α-Al matrix. The grain size of the α-Al phase decreased significantly. It was mainly Hall-Petch grain boundary fine grain strengthening mechanism. In addition to the second-phase particle eutectic silicon in the novel aluminum alloy, there were other second-phase particles which were more dispersed in the grain boundaries or intragranular. Various strengthening mechanisms worked together. When the second-phase particles were distributed on grain boundaries, it was mainly the Hall-Petch strengthening mechanism. When the second-phase particles were distributed in intragranular, it was mainly Orowan strengthening mechanism, which became an effective obstacle to dislocation movement and played a strengthening role.

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王正军,张满,张秋阳,吕建强.复合细化变质多元铝硅合金强化机制的研究[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2020,49(10):3402~3411.[Wang Zhengjun, Zhang Man, Zhang Qiuyang, Lv Jianqiang. Study on Strengthening Mechanism of Composite Refined and Modified Multi-component Aluminum-silicon Alloy[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2020,49(10):3402~3411.]
DOI:10.12442/j. issn.1002-185X.20190818

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  • 收稿日期:2019-10-07
  • 最后修改日期:2019-12-10
  • 录用日期:2019-12-11
  • 在线发布日期: 2020-11-04
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