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新型奥氏体C-HRA-5耐热钢时效过程中的沉淀相演化
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1.太原钢铁有限公司先进不锈钢材料国家重点实验室;2.b 武汉大学动力与机械学院湖北武汉430072

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国家自然科学基金项目(面上项目,重点项目,重大项目)


Precipitates Evolution in Advanced Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel C-HRA-5 During Aging
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    摘要:

    对新型奥氏体C-HRA-5耐热钢(22Cr25Ni3Cu4W2Co)进行700℃,0~15627 h时效实验,采用OM观察时效样品晶粒尺寸和孪晶的变化,采用SEM+EDS、TEM+EDS+SAED分析了时效样中沉淀相析出顺序及粗化特性。结果表明,实验钢在700℃/15627 h时效过程中先后析出M23C6、Z相、富Cu相和Laves相等第二相,其中M23C6相主要在晶界析出,其它第二相主要分布在晶内,未发现σ相的析出。在时效过程中,富Cu相和Z相尺寸比较细小稳定,尤其是富Cu相,时效至15627 h时直径约10 nm,它们是提高C-HRA-5钢热强性的主要强化相。晶界M23C6碳化物粗化速率较快,时效817 h时已在晶界形成网状分布,时效至15627 h时,其在晶界宽度增长至550 nm;而晶内M23C6碳化物粗化相对缓慢。由于添加W元素,在时效后期有大量针状Laves相在晶内析出,主要沿长度方向长大;另有少量颗粒状Laves相在晶界M23C6内部或其附近析出,尺寸较稳定。在长期时效过程中,未发现σ相的析出,这与C-HRA-5钢增加Ni和添加Co元素可以抑制或延迟其析出有关。

    Abstract:

    C-HRA-5(22Cr25Ni3Cu4W2Co) is a new kind of austenitic heat-resistant steel with excellent combination of high temperature strength and resistance to high temperature steam oxidation, can be used for the superheaters and reheaters (with the highest temperature 700℃) in the advanced ultra supercritical (A-USC) boilers. Compared with the existing austenitic steels, as HR3C, Super304H, TP347, the alloy design of the investigated steel is more complex. The precipitation of second phases will affect the mechanical properties of the steel. As known, the Cu element precipitated as Cu-rich phase in the Super304H steel; the Nb element precipitated as Z phase in the HR3C steel, but as Nb-rich MX phase in the Super304H steel. However, the precipitation and evolution of second phases in the C-HRA-5 steel has not been investigated clearly. In this work, the C-HRA-5 steel specimens were aged at 700℃ for 0~15627 h. OM was used to observe the changes of grain size and twins, and the evolution of the second phases in aged specimens was analyzed by SEM+EDS and TEM+EDS+SAED. The results are as follows. The grain size of the investigated steel was stable, and the second phases precipitated during 700℃/15627 h aging, including Z phase, Cu-rich phase, Laves phase, and M23C6 carbide. M23C6 mainly precipitated on the grain boundaries, the others in the grains, but σ phase was not founded. During aging, the Z phase and Cu-rich phase were relatively stable, especially the average diameter of the Cu-rich phase was less than 10 nm after aged for 15627 h. These phases are the main factors increasing the strength. The coarsening rate of M23C6 carbide on grain boundaries was fast. After aging for 817 h, the network of M23C6 carbide was observed on grain boundaries. After 15627 h, the width of M23C6 carbide was about 550 nm. However, the coarsening rate of the M23C6 inside grains was slow. In the late-stage of aging, due to the addition of W, a large number of needle-shaped Laves phases precipitated inside grains. And the coarsening of Laves phase was apparent in length but slight in width. A small amount of granular Laves phase precipitated near or in the M23C6 carbides that on grain boundaries and its size was stable. During the long-term of aging, no σ phase was found. It is because that the high content of Ni and addition of Co could inhibit or delay the precipitation of the σ phase in the C-HRA-5 steel.

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方旭东,李友,徐芳泓,王学.新型奥氏体C-HRA-5耐热钢时效过程中的沉淀相演化[J].稀有金属材料与工程,2021,50(6):2091~2099.[Fang xudong, Li You, Xu Fanghong, Wang Xue. Precipitates Evolution in Advanced Austenitic Heat Resistant Steel C-HRA-5 During Aging[J]. Rare Metal Materials and Engineering,2021,50(6):2091~2099.]
DOI:10.12442/j. issn.1002-185X.20200511

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  • 收稿日期:2020-07-15
  • 最后修改日期:2020-07-29
  • 录用日期:2020-08-05
  • 在线发布日期: 2021-07-07
  • 出版日期: 2021-06-30