This paper investigates the superplastic-like deformation behavior of 7075 aluminum alloy sheets through high-temperature tensile tests under deformation temperatures of 400-500℃ strain rates ranging from 0.0001 to 0.1 s-1. The relationship between deformation behavior and microstructural evolution was systematically analyzed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron backscatter diffraction (EBSD) techniques. A hyperbolic sine constitutive model was established to characterize the plastic flow behavior. The findings indicate that dynamic recovery is the predominant softening mechanism at high strain rates, while a transition to dynamic recrystallization occurs at lower strain rates, accompanied by a notable increase in the proportion of large-angle grain boundaries. Nonetheless, excessively low strain rates can lead to grain coarsening. At 450℃ and 0.01 s-1, the maximum elongation of 72% is achieved, attributed to the presence of fine equiaxed grains, a high fraction of high-angle grain boundaries (HAGBs), and a low dislocation density. With increasing temperature, dynamic recrystallization becomes more extensive, resulting in a reduction in average grain size and a gradual enhancement in elongation. However, excessive deformation temperatures promote atomic diffusion at grain boundaries due to heightened atomic thermal motion, leading to diminished bond strength and a sharp decline in elongation. Examination of microscopic fractures at 450℃ and 0.01 s-1 reveals a multitude of uniformly distributed ductile dimples, indicative of a typical ductile fracture. As the deformation temperature rises, the fracture mechanism progressively shifts towards brittle fracture. Conversely, at constant temperature, higher strain rates predominantly induce ductile fracture, which transitions to localized brittle fracture as strain rates decrease, consequently reducing post-fracture elongation. This study investigates the deformation mechanisms of coarse-grained aluminum alloys, which contributes to reducing the cumbersome pretreatment processes required for these materials. The findings hold significant importance for optimizing the processing techniques and mechanical properties of 7075 aluminum alloy, thereby promoting its broader industrial applications.