4777DS, as a commonly used Nickel based superalloy for turbine blades, is often subjected to surface treatment and heat treatment, which often leads to recrystallization defects and a decrease in performance. Studying the effects of different heat treatment processes on the surface recrystallization defects of 4777DS alloy can provide theoretical guidance for improving the performance of blades in engineering practice. The effects of different heat treatment processes, alloy states, and stress relief annealing processes on recrystallization defects in 4777DS alloy were studied using scanning electron microscopy and EBSD. From the scanning electron microscope, it can be observed that the γ′ phase near the surface of the sandblasted sample undergoes deformation, changing from an initial butterfly shape to a long strip distribution on the alloy surface. The observation of recrystallization after insulation at different heat treatment temperatures of the alloy shows that the temperature at which recrystallization occurs is 1055 ℃. When the heat treatment temperature is higher than the dissolution temperature of the γ "phase, recrystallization presents an equiaxed morphology, while when it is lower than the dissolution temperature of the γ" phase, it presents a cellular recrystallization morphology. With the extension of heat treatment time, the proportion of large angle grain boundaries decreases, and the resulting annealing twins help to reduce distortion energy. Combined with engineering practice, a shorter annealing time can effectively reduce the recrystallization of alloys.