To strengthening the mechanical properties of TiAl alloys, hybrid TiB₂–Ti₂AlN/TiAl composites with a core-shell structure were in-situ fabricated by addition BN nanoplates using spark plasma sintering. A thorough investigation was conducted on the microstructural evolution and mechanical properties of TiAl composites. Fully lamellar microstructure can be achieved at low content BN nanoplates, while a nearly lamellar microstructure was observed at high content. The microstructure of synthesized TiAl composites were significantly refined due to the in-situ precipitation of TiB₂-Ti₂AlN particles at the lamellar colony boundaries. Notably, a novel continuous core-shell structure was formed when the BN nanoplates content reached 0.5 wt%. In addition, the mechanical properties of these composites were found to be superior compared to those of pure TiAl alloys. With an increase in BN nanoplates content from 0 to 1 wt%, both the micro-hardness and compressive strength were improved. Meanwhile, the average coefficient of friction decreased from 0.59 to 0.47 at room temperature, and the wear rate exhibited a noteworthy decrease of 29.9%. These remarkable improvements in mechanical performance can be mainly attributed to the strengthening effects resulting from the in-situ formation of TiB₂–Ti₂AlN particles, refined microstructure, and the novel core-shell structure.